What is a common physical examination finding in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)?

Splenomegaly is indeed a common physical examination finding in patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). This condition is characterized by the proliferation of myeloid cells in the bone marrow, which leads to an increase in the production and accumulation of these cells in the spleen. As a result, the spleen becomes enlarged, leading to palpable splenomegaly during a physical examination.

In CML, splenic enlargement occurs due to extramedullary hematopoiesis, where the spleen compensates for the dysfunctional bone marrow that is unable to adequately control blood cell production. This enlargement can contribute to symptoms such as abdominal discomfort or fullness, further highlighting the importance of recognizing this finding during the examination of a patient suspected of having CML.

The other options may also be associated with various hematologic conditions but are not as prevalent in CML as splenomegaly. For example, although hepatomegaly can occur, it is less specific to CML. Lymphadenopathy, such as posterior cervical or inguinal lymph nodes, is more often associated with lymphoproliferative disorders like lymphomas, not typically seen as a prominent physical finding in CML.